Hierarchical Task Network planning with common-sense reasoning for multiple-people behaviour analysis
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
soledad.escolar@uclm.es
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
felix.villanueva@uclm.es
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
mariajose.santofimia@uclm.es
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
david.villa@uclm.es
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
xavier.deltoro@uclm.es
Computer Architecture and Networks Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
juancarlos.lopez@uclm.es
JOURNAL — Technological Forecasting and Social Change
PAGES — 42-55
ISSN — 0040-1625
VOLUME — 142
PUBLISHER — Elsevier
YEAR — 2019
Soledad Escolar, Félix J. Villanueva, Maria J. Santofimia, David Villa, Xavier del Toro, Juan Carlos López,
A Multiple-Attribute Decision Making-based approach for smart city rankings design, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Volume 142, 2019, Pages 42-55, ISSN 0040-1625, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.024.
@article{ESCOLAR201942,
title = "A Multiple-Attribute Decision Making-based approach for smart city rankings design",
journal = "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
volume = "142",
pages = "42 - 55",
year = "2019",
note = "Understanding Smart Cities: Innovation ecosystems, technological advancements, and societal challenges",
issn = "0040-1625",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.024",
url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162517318437",
author = "Soledad Escolar and Félix J. Villanueva and Maria J. Santofimia and David Villa and Xavier del Toro and Juan Carlos López",
}Abstract
Rankings are a valuable element for city-comparison purposes since results withdrawn from these comparisons can, eventually, support the evaluation of strategic decisions taken by cities. Smart city rankings are not an exception and, as they draw more attention, the number of them exponentially increases. This paper evaluates the appropriateness of existing smart city rankings for quantifying the materialization degree of the smart city concept. The analysis reveals that current rankings generally overlook indicators of the Information and Communication Technologies dimension. To bridge this gap, this work proposes a methodology based on Multiple-Attribute Decision Making that uses technological criteria for designing smart city rankings. The proposed methodology is evaluated against the cities of New York, Seoul, and Santander. Imbalances between results provided by the studied rankings and our evaluation are detected, which suggests the need for a new insight into more suitable and precise evaluation of the smartness degree of cities.
